The article is devoted to the energy policy in Russia nowadays, problems of Russian gas exports to Europe and the developing cooperation between Russia and Turkey in the energy field. The article analyzes the relationship between Europe and Russia in the energy sector, the problems encountered in the implementation of the project “South Stream”, the reasons why Russia was forced to abandon this project and the consequences of this decision for all countries - participants of the project. The same article refers to strengthen of cooperation between Russia and Turkey in the energy sector against the backdrop with Europe on the project “Turkish Stream”, which emerged as an alternative to South Stream.