Muslim communities in the European countries, in the context of the geographical spread of Islam, are perceived as a conquest of the policy of multiculturalism and tolerance, and many people attribute their appearance in the region exclusively to the historical period beginning with the last quarter of the XX century. This article provides an analytical overview of the political, socio-economic and cultural events of this period in the Netherlands, which allows you to make additions to the overall assessment of current political processes and approach to the issue of the allocation of the main directions of the transformation of the political and socio-cultural environment on the example of the Dutch society.